Session -4 - Directing To understand the meaning and significance of Directing. According to Haimann, “Direction consists of the process of techniques utilised in issuing instructions and making certain that operations are carried out as originally planned.”. The success of business depends upon the effectiveness of communication. Answer. In the world of business a ‘leader is one who has a will to win and stay ahead’. (e) Communication must be directed to a purpose and a person. The manager exercising leadership in motivating his subordinates towards organisational goals should, therefore, try to determine the conditions of factors in the organisational situation which prompt a subordinate to put in efforts beyond the acceptable minimum. MAJOR THEORIES OF MOTIVATION I. On the other hand, if the subordinates are capable and individualistic and the task is complex and creative, it may be more advisable for the leader to adopt a democratic style, allowing greater freedom to his subordinates and using less of authority for task performance. Motivation 3. In a sense it means the absence of formal leadership, and therefore, it is not shown in the continuum given above. Thus, directing function must first of all resolve the conflict between the individual’s goals and organizational goals. On the contrary, Theory ‘Y’ indicates the individual and organisation both and highlights the need for improvising and utilising inner motivation. Managers, at all levels, act as leaders because they have subordinates who follow them. In short, leadership is situational because the best style of leadership will depend upon the situation depending on the factors given above. They should be very clear and complete. Leadership, motivation, supervision, communication are various aspects of directing. Every little act, gesture, expression and movement on his part is watched and interpreted by the subordinates in relation to their own work. Explain the importance of Discuss the steps in staffing process. Question 1. They determine the goals for their subordinates and guide them towards achievements. Issue of instructions and orders must be in simple and understandable language. In exercising leadership functions in his formal position, a manager must avoid all kinds of false impression formation on the part of his subordinates. Explain Briefly The Marketing Mix Elements For An Automobile Company Giving Sufficient Examples. “Great Support” The best thing about these people is List And Briefly Explain The Five Elements Of A Good Business Plan their customer service that did not let me down at all, even though I have been pestering them every few hours even late in the night. All citations and writing are 100% original. Since the other needs of most of the people in work organizations are pretty well satisfied, the management can achieve better results through them by appealing to their ego and development needs. He has followers, customers, workforce, common sense and innovation. It's a continuous managerial process that goes on throughout the life of the organization. This refers to the guidance and... ii. DIRECTING is said to be a process in which the managers instruct, guide and oversee the performance of the workers to achieve predetermined goals. The company offered you a job and you accepted, therefore a contract was forme… Maintain discipline by punishing those whose performance is not good and rewarding those employees whose performance is good. 6. It gives management’s purposive direction of mobility, establish priorities and helps manage change. (g) Management must do everything possible to keep the supervisor continually informed and to tap his knowledge of what employees are doing and thinking. Thus, directing is concerned with instructing, guiding, supervising and inspiring people in the organisation to achieve its objectives. It bridges the gap from where we are & where we want to be. There are four primary elements of directing – supervising, motivating, leadership, and communication . The informal organisation and the related pattern of communication are quite often described as the ‘grapevine’. A sound motivation system must be competitive so that the cost of the system at the margin is not allowed to exceed its productivity at that point. In devising a scheme for motivating employees, this basic principle must be kept in mind. The studies made by Herzberg revealed that satisfaction and dissatisfaction were not the faces of the same coin in the sense that the presence of a factor would make people happy while the absence of the same factor would make them equally unhappy. Supervision is an important element of the directing function of management. •Directing involves leadership that essentially helps in creating appropriate work environment and build up team spirit. All these examples and many other activities related to directing may broadly be grouped into four categories which are the elements of directing. It is an exercise in problem solving & decision making… A good dynamic leader is a dynamo generating energy that charges and activities the whole group in such a way that near-miracles may be achieved. Directing is said to be the heart of management process. Consider the following examples: (i) A supervisor explains a worker about operations to be carried by him on a lathe machine, Words have tremendous power as means of inspiration for men. Today a new revolution is taking place in the field of communication and a new branch called Management Information Systems (MIS) is fast emerging as discipline worthy of study, investigation and research and it is being used in all major fields of management. All these needs develop as one matures. The managerial function of motivation is concerned not merely with the direction of non- managers. It facilitates directing function by providing proper interaction between managers and their subordinates. Also, the system must cover the people in the organisation at all levels. It points to the need for a situational approach to leadership. Need for self-realisation and accomplishment. Next, referring directly to the textbook, briefly explain all three elements of the Integrated model. In all these situations, we can observe that directing is done to achieve some predetermined objective. Douglas McGregor has presented two opposite views of man in the organisation in the form of what he calls Theory ‘X’ and Theory ‘Y’. topic: directing - elements of directing and process of motivation class 12 business studies, have been discussed by Chandan Poddar Sir in this video. Elements of Directing. A supervisor is a person responsible for directly overseeing the various activities of workers. Motivation stimulates individuals to act. Following are the main principles of directing: (i) Principle of Maximum Individual Contribution: According to this principle, management should adopt that directing policy through which employees get motivated and give their maximum individual contribution for the achievement of organisational objectives. Explain the principles of directing. Since Theory ‘X’ and Theory ‘Y’ represent diametrically opposite views of human nature, Theory ‘Y’ has been advanced to suggest that human beings combine a bit of both according to circumstances. Without motivation, the workers may not put in their best and may seek the satisfaction of their needs outside the organisation. Leaders act more like initiators or facilitators rather than acting as dictators. i. Answer: Supervision refers to the direct & immediate guidance & control of subordinates in performance of their tasks. Q3. This refers to the guidance and control of subordinates in the performance of their tasks. If we relate the above theories to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs it may be said that Theory ‘X’ may be more applicable where a man is concerned with the lower level of needs. Communication is defined as exchange of information, facts, ideas and opinions in formal and non-formal manner. A famous example of a participative leader is Donald Trump. The motivators or the satisfiers are factors which have a positive power to satisfy and produce high performance. The process of directing function involves the following four elements: Supervision is an important part of direction function of management. Leadership, according to Chester I. Bernard, “is the quality of the behaviour of individuals whereby they guide people or their activities in organised effort.” A leader has the function of interpreting the objectives of group effort and guiding or leading the group as a team towards the realisation of these objectives. The Theory Y which has been put forth by McGregor and has become the foundation of the behavioural science approach to management is based upon the following assumptions about human nature-. (d) Communication must be a continuing programme and not a brief one. All these activities of a manager constitute the directing function. 5. If you understand one or more of these elements in depth, you’ll be well on your way to a quality literary essay. Transactional vs. Transformational Leadership: The leaders who are able to motivate the followers to achieve the organizational goals and rewards the employees for good performance. Business organisations have certain features through which human and mechanical processes move. They are expected by the organization to work in such a manner to achieve the organizational goals. iv. Meaning and Definition of Directing Directing is said to be a process in which the managers instruct, guide and oversee the performance of the workers to achieve predetermined goals.Directing is said to be the heart of management process. It is a modern leadership style in which the leader uses his charm to get the admiration of the followers. In fact, directing helps managers ensure quality performance and achieve the organization’s goals. This type of leader welcomes the participation of the group in the formulation of policies and decision-making. Interactive Discussion – Lecture Method. From the point of view of management, the significance of Herzberg theory lies in the warning that merely removing the causes of dissatisfaction will not make people like what they are doing any better. The third management function is directing Management process that provides focus and direction to others and motivates them to achieve organizational goals. 6. A manger motivates subordinates to follow his instruc­tions and work accordingly in the given direction. Elements of Direction. Briefly explain the major components or elements of executive compensation. A successful leader can influence people to act willingly with confidence and zeal for mutual benefits. The term motivation is derived from the word motive. iii. In our daily life, we come across many situations like a hotel owner directing his employees to complete certain activities for organising a function, a teacher directing his student to complete an Called the ‘grape vine’, managements get to know what the employees talk between themselves as a result of social contacts and discern whether such a communication may have any kind of impact on the organisation. In this style the leader permits the members of the group to do whatever they want to do. (h) The lines of communication should be as clear and direct as possible. Elements of Directing The process of directing involves guiding, coaching, instructing, motivating, leading the people in an organisation to achieve organisational objectives. 4. Allocation of resources 6. Report a Violation 10. As such the same qualities that characterise a good manager also hold true in the case of a good leader but he must also be able to deliver on the basis of his own knowledge of business and experience. Higher motivation leads to job satisfaction of employees and makes them committed to the organization. According to Haimann “Directing consists of the process and techniques utilized in issuing instructions and making certain that operations are carried on as originally planned”. So have-the actions and gestures of leaders. It is the order or instruction to subordinate staff to perform a work or not to perform in a specific way. Image Guidelines 4. Elements of Communication. As owner and president of Notes-4-You, you might think of yourself as an orchestra leader. It creates the desire for action so necessary for accomplishment of goals; it helps in achieving better and efficient work standards by simple behaviour modification creating the will to work; it secures loyalty of the subordinates; it is a healthy and necessary tool to solve problems arising out of conflicts of mind; it is a lasting solution to human problems because it modifies the behaviour; it does not create lack of understanding and ensures stable relationships helping the organisation create a better image of itself. In doing this, the manager leading the whole or a part of the organisation has to set an example to his followers. A man may pursue certain physiological functions without motivation but nearly all conscious human behaviour is motivated or caused. iv. They can only prevent losses in worker’s performance due to work restriction. Directing is the heart of management function. As this continuum is extended beyond democratic leadership it could lead to liassez-faire style. Interactive Discussion – Lecture Method. The elements of direction are as follows: 1. with the object of achieving a perfect identity of mind with another person or organisation. In this category are included factors like the following: Hygiene factors do not produce any growth in the workers’ output capacity. answered Mar 8, 2020 by Swety01 (60.5k points) selected Mar 9, 2020 by ManojYadav . It improves superior-subordinates relationship by providing opportunities to employees to express their opinions and viewpoints. 7. The methods of motivating are many and varied. Cloudflare Ray ID: 641daa766c1859c1 Most people must be pressurised, controlled and directed by their superiors to get them to work towards organisational objectives. Planning, organizing, staffing have got no importance if direction function does not take place. However, necessary actions will only initiate after a command in chief provides direction to the higher-level management. It assists subordinates in the way their tasks are to be performed. Prohibited Content 3. This type of communication has also many disadvantages like following a rigid routine and moves slowly as it goes through several reporting channels in the scalar chain; is impersonal in nature; and often fearing adverse reactions the juniors or seniors often try to hold up certain type of information. Leaders who inspire support and acceptance by instilling a sense of mission in followers, focusing on the developmental needs of the followers are known as Transactional Leaders. To take a simple illustration, growing hair requires no motivation but to get a hair-cut does. Since it involves psycho-social aspects it is a continuous process. The process of directing involves guiding, coaching, instructing, motivating, leading the people in an organisation to achieve organisational objectives. Important Features/Characteristics of Directing Function are listed: 1. A proper motivational system must be comprehensive. Directing basically refers to a process of instructing, guiding, inspiring, counselling, overseeing and leading people towards the accomplishment of firm's goals. In such circumstances giving a kind of status helps. Directing function of the management is the key to the survival and renewal of the world of business. Planning is a preparatory step for action. Elements of Directing. Explain the meaning and importance of Directing… Explain the importance of Discuss the steps in staffing process. This helps the managements to change attitudes as may emerge from such information. ii. Inspiring and motivating the subordinates is another element of direction because that only can assure the management about the fulfilment of its expectations. He prepares the subordinates to solve the problem. It is a behavioural intervention particularly ideological with regard to its economic implications. He promotes follower’s intelligence and rationality and help them in careful problems solving. (ii) Receiver – The person who receives information and understanding from the sender. They facilitate the ideas in the minds of the people to get their work done. Explain the elements of directing function of management. We can handle a wide range of assignments, as we have worked for more than a decade and gained a great experience in the sphere of essay writing. Man’s wants or needs may be broadly classified into two categories- (a) the primary needs, called the physiological needs, and (b) the secondary needs also described as social and psychological needs. A manager gives instructions and oversees the actions of subordinates to ensure that resources are utilized optimally an… The elements of directing are: (i) Supervision: It is concerned with overseeing the work of the subordinates or operatives by first line managers. 6. Please enable Cookies and reload the page. Better performance can come only when positive motivation is built through improvement in the job content by making it more interesting, challenging, responsible and worthwhile. Following are the elements of directing: (i) Supervision: It refers to monitor the progress of routine work of one’s subordinates and guiding them properly. Principles. The techniques of directing are delegation, supervision, orders, and instructions. Directing is a continuous process and is carried on till an organisation ceases to exist. Thus, directing does not simply mean issuing orders and instructions but also includes guiding and inspiring people. Elements of Delegation – Elements which Make Delegation Effective or Ineffective. (iv) Symbols – The words, gestures and other signs which are passed on by the sender while communicating with the receiver. 2. At operative level this role of direction is assumed by an officer designated for the purpose like the superintendent, the overseer, the gang chief, etc. Explain the meaning and importance of Directing… According to KOONTZ, Planning is deciding in advance - what to do, when to do & how to do. They give orders and assign tasks without taking the subordinates into confidence. Managers at all levels act as leaders because they have subordinates (followers) whose efforts have to be canalised in a definite direction. The history of the world is full of instances that show how a small ill-equipped group is sometimes able to excel superior groups because of superior leadership, if for no other reason. Its source however, often remain hidden or unknown. For this reason these factors are also called Maintenance Factors. Q4. i. This means that the system must take care not only of the basic needs of the subordinates but must also meet the higher needs of employees. Directing Initiates Action: Other functions prepare a base or setting of action, i. e., how action has to be carried on the directing initiate or start action. The process of directing involves guiding, coaching, instructing, motivating, leading the people in an organisation to achieve organisational objectives. Elements of Theater Directing. These include achievement, recognition, challenging work, increased responsibility, growth and development. controlling means checking to unify the efforts of subordinates and workers.or Checking the progress against plans to achieve objectives in a cooperative manner. The elements of drama, by which dramatic works can be analyzed and evaluated, can be categorized into three major areas: Literary elements Technical elements Performance elements The Elements of Drama. He knows the ways of remaining competitive and develops people continuously, because he knows that he derives his authority from the people around him. In performing leadership functions, managers sometimes make attempts to change over from one leadership style to another with changes in the situation. 1. 2 Answers +2 votes . Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. Directing flows from top to bottom as it is first initiated at top level and flows to the bottom through organisational hierarchy. Session -4 - Directing To understand the meaning and significance of Directing. Soviet Manager could not and should not described as a dictator, whose somebody's functionality determined by arbitrariness. On the other hand, when people felt good about their jobs, this was related to the content of the job or the work. The best commercial value of these characteristics lies in that they help to carry the very substance of directing function of the management to all levels. For example, where a task is simple and the leader is more capable than the subordinates, the leader may assume an authoritarian style to get things done. Directing initiates action in the organisation as it is an executive function of management. Legally binding contracts must have essential elements in order to be enforced in court. Theory ‘X’ represents the traditional view of human nature and emphasises the need for control and direction over man. It is as natural as rest or play. Motivation stimulates individuals to act. A person has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if he can. A contract is made basically any time one entity offers something to another and the offer is accepted. The management can work on both fronts by reducing the dissatisfaction arising out of hygiene factors and building up the satisfaction from motivators. According to Koontz and O’Donnell, there are four important requisites of a sound system of motivation: A good system of motivation must be productive. Through its many functions the quality of supervision has considerable influence in team spirit, cooperation, discipline, product design quality etc. ii. Leadership 4. Proper leadership has to be provided for influencing subordinates behaviour towards the attainment of company’s objectives. Superior knowledge, strong character, high integrity levels, competence, sense of justice, maturity and emotional balance are some of the traits which subordinates in cultures like ours look for in their leaders. Effective direction is an art which a manager can learn by understanding the techniques of direction and experimenting with them. Supervision:. For this reason, satisfied needs do not motivate behaviour. The main Aspects or Elements of directing are as follows: Issuing Orders and Instructions, Leadership, Communication, Motivation, Supervision, and Co-ordination. It energizes individuals to work more. It refers to doing and being what one can do or can be. Examples of transactional leaders are Joseph McCarthy and Charles de Gaulle. Orders, instructions, circulars, manuals, etc., belong to this category. Correct execution of each of these activities culminates in the creation of business value. The forms of incentives vary from monetary to non-monetary. In the downward direction, the superiors communicate to subordinates and convey messages, orders, decisions or demand explanations etc. Directing takes place at every level of management wherever superior – subordinate relations exist. A sound motivational system must be flexible. Better mutual understanding and team spirit can be achieved by proper communication with the subordinates. From the above classification of leadership styles, it is popularly inferred that the laissez- faire leadership and autocratic leadership are inferior to democratic leadership. It is through communication that managers transform a static object into a dynamic one. It is not only individualistic in form but can also be accomplished in respect of a group. Importance of Direction in Management: Meaning, Definition, Characteristics and Elements! The process of communication consists in the transmission of ideas, information, directions, etc. A manager must be very careful in his conduct in the presence of his subordinates. The members of the group generally show genuine regard for such leaders. The esteem needs include the desire for personal worth and dignity, strength, competence, achievement, independence and freedom. While this process pervades all managerial functions—planning, organising, directing and controlling, it assumes particular importance in directing. Supervision 2. Explain the magnetic elements of the earth's magnetic field. A successful manager can motivate employees properly to work harmoniously for the attainment of organizational goal. In business parlance, communication does not mean conveying of information alone, it also means knowledge of the subject. Briefly explain principles of Directing. MOTIVATION Motivation is a process that explains how the needs, drives, urges influence and control the behavior of mankind. Introduction and Meaning: In addition to planning, organising and staffing, every manager must also direct his subordinates. He attempts to clarify the goals so that the members of the group acquire the right perspective on their work. ADVERTISEMENTS: Important principles of directing: (1) Principle of Maximum Individual Contribution: ADVERTISEMENTS: According to this principle, management should adopt that directing policy through which the employees get motivated and give their maximum individual contribution for the achievement of organisational objective. So we find that communication involves two parties, is pervasive at all levels, is a continuous ongoing process and moves in a circular order. The physiological needs include the needs for food, drink, sex, rest, activity, etc. The history of business is also full of instances where good leaders led the business concerns to unprecedented peaks of success through their ability and wise policies. Motivation means an act of giving inducement or creating an urge to do a certain work. If the factors connected with satisfaction are missing or are low in strength, a person will not have high satisfaction necessarily. Major limitations of this type of communication are that having no set form, distortions may occur at some level; the communication taking the shape of a rumor may cause serious damage to the organisation; the fear of leakage of confidential information haunts the management. A famous example of this leadership style is Dwigth Eisenhower. They are the best at what they do and will never turn you down. Product or service design and development 4. When a manager directs his deputy to do something, it is an instance of formal communication. The article discusses in detail about the 5 basic functions of management, which are - planning, organizing, staffing, directing … Briefly explain these elements. Best answer. Famous examples of charismatic leaders are Winston Churchill, Bill Clinton, Mother Teresa and Adolph Hitler. (f) Communication must move freely in both directions. This type of leader can win the co­operation of his group and can motivate them effectively and positively. Orders and instructions may be communicated orally or in writing. However, research does not consistently support any one leadership style. Two important characteristics of human needs were highlighted by Maslow. Breakdown of communication results in misunderstandings, creation of unfavourable attitudes, hostility and conflict. It is based on inter-relations between leaders and subordinates. If they fail to meet the requirements, they will receive a corresponding punishment. Explain the guidelines for executive compensation? However, in a proper system of motivation the manager has to provide for the satisfaction of all kinds of secondary needs. Such leaders generally attract the hostility of the subordinates. It means systematized pre-thinking for determining a course of action to achieve some desired result. It helps the subordinates in solving their work-related problems. An important fact that emerges from this description of the nature of motivation is that motivation is related to need-satisfaction. Persons join the concern for getting their physiological and psychological needs satisfied. Motivation Elements of Direction 4. Leadership is the process of influencing the behaviour of subordinates to work willingly for the achievement of organizational goal. In an enterprise, the success of superiors will be judged on the accomplishment of managerial objectives. Explain the features of executive compensation. On the other hand, if he feels that employees will be responsive and involved in the work given to them, he may use more of persuasion. Importance of Directing. In trying to do so, the manager may be said to concern himself with motivation. The leader motivates his subordinates by various incentives and punishments. The incentives are also directly related to human needs of security, shelter, social status, esteem and a sense of fulfillment (self-actualisation). Q1. The safety needs include the need for protection from physical danger like fire, accident, etc., and for economic security (e.g., the need for protection against arbitrary dismissal from service). It might appear from the three major types of leader behaviour given above that there are just three types of leaders. Explain briefly the importance of supervision. Contracts are legal agreements between two parties or more. He has a vision of his own and subordinates follow it. ii. It should be productive in the sense that the productivity of the employees should be maximised through it. Supervision is an important element of the directing function of management. (c) Each executive must consider communication an integral part of his job. The need for self-realisation takes the form of the urge to put one’s potentialities to full use. 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Can influence people to do, how to do a certain behaviour all other functions of leadership is situational the! Three directions – upward, downward and horizontal or cross-communication, Health, controlling! His charm to get their work done express their opinions and viewpoints Trump! Road map to failure sense, directing helps managers ensure quality performance and achieve the organization to job of...

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